Which of the following would NOT generally be considered a fixture in real estate?

In real estate, a fixture is generally defined as an item that is attached to the property and is considered a permanent part of it. This is determined by the manner in which the item is attached, the intention of the parties involved, and the character of the item itself.

The built-in bookshelf, window treatment, and ceiling fan are all examples of fixtures because they are typically attached to the property in a way that indicates they are meant to stay with the property when it is sold. A built-in bookshelf is an integral part of the room's structure, window treatments are often installed to fit specific windows, and a ceiling fan is securely mounted to the ceiling.

On the other hand, a refrigerator is typically a movable appliance that is not permanently attached to the property. It can usually be removed without causing damage to the property and is often seen as personal property rather than a fixture. This distinction is crucial in real estate transactions, as fixtures are generally included in the sale of a property, whereas personal property items like appliances must be specifically negotiated to be part of the sale.